The station, formerly known as Eco-Nelson, is located on Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands and is conveniently located especially for polar explorers who continue on to J. G. Mendel Station, where Czech scientists go every year. However, the current state of the 30-year-old Eco-Nelson station does not allow it to be fully utilized. "These are old refrigeratory boxes from Russian ships that the original owner transported there. There is insulation inside the tin boxes, but mold got there. There is no mold itself in Antarctica, but there is a problem with high humidity in coastal areas. Some stations will even disintegrate over time due to mold, " as Martin Kaftan, head of the Department of Experimental Creation at the Faculty of Architecture BUT, summarizes the current situation.

Czech polar explorers would like to use the station in the future as a warehouse and background for research. The seaside area where it is located is full of life. At the same time, the coast is characterized by strong winds bringing abrasive particles and, as on the rest of the continent, amplified UV radiation. Building materials therefore degrade rapidly and their selection is crucial for architects. "We obtained meteorological measurement data from the nearest station. We performed computer simulations to find the optimal form. An aerodynamic shape was created to reduce air resistance, but at the same time not to create leeward sides where snow would accumulate. In Antarctica, the sun shines from the north and in the summer almost all day, but it is low. Therefore, our design of the station also took into account the optimal placement of solar panels, "points out some specifics of the construction in such extreme conditions Kaftan.

The architects cooperate with Alois Suchánek, who has experience in the construction of polar stations. "Mr. Suchánek says that he has several principles: any part must be able to carry 4 guys, the minimum screw size is fourteen and the hardware store is far away. Based on this, we invented a station composed of plywood parts. These are such boxes that can be assembled in the Czech Republic and will only lock in place on the spot. They will come to Antarctica filled with thermal insulation that is resistant to mold. We also devise anchoring to a moving ground. One option is to build the bases as a grate made of sleepers, which is a solution from Mendel's station, or use metal cages (gabions) to fill the stones on site, "says Kaftan, noting that people in Antarctica rely on construction without the help of machines. . In addition to the building itself, the architects are also thinking about obtaining energy. So far, the most probable seem to be solar panels and a generator, which would also be able to use waste heat to heat the station. A useful curiosity is the considered equipment of the station with an ecological combustion toilet, which turns waste into ash.

The architects want to create a prototype of a smaller warehouse in the newly built robotic laboratory at the Faculty of Architecture and then best offer it, for example, to administrators of one of the mountain areas, where people would test it as a shelter in similarly extreme conditions, at least in terms of humidity.

 "The goal of the Czech Antarctic Endowment Fund is to support everything related to Czech scientific activities in the polar regions and in the Antarctic area in particular. ČANF significantly contributed to resolving the complicated legal situation surrounding the originally private Eco-Nelson base in the international area of the Antarctic Protected Area, when it took over its ownership from its founder and contractually transferred responsibility for operation to Masaryk University, resp. The Czech Antarctic Program, which is based at its Faculty of Science. After this step, the station was brought into an acceptable state from the point of view of environmental protection. The station was equipped with mandatory fire-fighting, rescue and communication equipment, a new boat, temporary generator, etc. were purchased. Our goal is to build a modern scientific polar station promoting Czech science and technology of the 21st century. ČANF will carry out all the necessary activities for the implementation of this project ", said Dušan Jamný, ČANF director.

Pavel Kapler, manager of the Czech Antarctic Research Program (MU), is also pleased with the cooperation: “Antarctica is a continent full of completely unexpected obstacles that teach us new things and practices, but also opportunities. I am very pleased that the cooperation of our program with ČANF and BUT can contribute to this space with something that has the potential to significantly raise the profile of the Czech Republic, its science and technical and in this case also architectural art. "

Source: PR